Understanding Functional Neurological Disorder (FND)

Functional Neurological Disorder (FND) is a condition where individuals experience symptoms of altered body function that can’t be explained by a specific disease process or structural damage to the nervous system. Symptoms can be diverse, including movement disorders, tremors, seizures, sensory disturbances, cognitive and speech difficulties. Amanda O’Neill, founder and physiotherapist at Coffs Neuro Physio, explains, “FND is incredibly common, accounting for approximately one third of presentataions to neurology clinics, both outpatients and inpatients.”

FND is characterised by a disturbance in neural connections between the brain and the body. Unlike neurological conditions  like stroke or multiple sclerosis, FND does not have an identifiable structural cause. It is often explained as the ‘hardware’ being intact, but that there’s an issue with the functioning of the ‘software’.  

“Understanding Functional Neurological Disorder (FND) is crucial for both clients and healthcare providers. Symptoms are real, can be severely debilitating and must be validated by those involved in care. A good explanation to the person is a key part of potential recovery,” Amanda emphasises. 

Physiotherapy plays a vital role in managing FND. A physiotherapist can provide a tailored rehabilitation program that focuses on restoring movement and enhancing overall function. Amanda notes, “Physiotherapy can help retrain the brain and body to work together more effectively. Through targeted exercises and strategies, we can help individuals regain control over their movements and work towards goals that are important to them.” 

Our management varies considerably between individuals but may include: 

• Education: Physiotherapists can spend the time to help people understand FND and their presentation better. 

• Movement Re-education: We  can help to teach people how to move better over different activities and contexts.  

• Goal directed activity: We ensure everything we do is in line with the person’s goals and needs.  

• General strength and conditioning: We can help improve overall physical strength and cardiovascular fitness in a graduated manner, which is often compromised in individuals with FND. 

In addition to physiotherapy, there are practical strategies individuals can adopt to help manage FND effectively: 

1. Educate Yourself: Understanding FND can empower individuals to navigate their symptoms. Knowledge reduces fear and helps in managing expectations. 
2. Establish a Routine: Regular routines can provide structure and predictability, which may alleviate anxiety and improve function. 
3. Stay Active: Engage in gentle physical activity tailored to your abilities. Activities like walking, yoga, or swimming can be beneficial. 
4. Mindfulness and Relaxation Techniques: Practicing mindfulness, meditation, or relaxation exercises can help reduce stress and improve mental well-being. 
5. Seek Support: Connecting with support groups or mental health professionals can provide valuable emotional support and coping strategies.

At Coffs Neuro Physio, we understand the complexities of FND and are committed to providing compassionate care and effective treatment strategies. “Our goal is to help individuals with FND regain their confidence and improve their quality of life through personalised therapy,” says Amanda. 

If you or a loved one is experiencing symptoms of FND, contact us today to learn how our tailored physiotherapy programs can help you manage your condition and enhance your overall well-being.